Journal+for+Visit+2

Free Journal The second time that our group visited the stream, we immediately saw that the water level of the stream was lower and that the current was slower as well. I found this very interesting because it had just been raining in Manoa an hour or two before we went to the stream. I also noticed that one side was sunnier than the other, which had also happened during our first visit. I wondered how the small plants could possibly get all the sunlight they need, because there were some larger plants growing over the smaller plants. Since this usually occurs at the stream, then how do smaller plants get the sunlight they need if they only get a certain amount of sunlight throughout the day and if there are other plants covering them? Another thing I noticed was that there were more branches and fruits on the ground than the week before. This seemed very awkward to me, because it hadn't been too windy over the past week that we didn't visit the stream. We broke open some of the fruits, and found out that they were nearly hollow and very easy to break. If the wind wasn't the cause of the tree branches and fruits falling, then what did cause them to fall to the ground? Also, are the fruits a food source for any of the animals, since they are hollow and easy to break? One member of our group brought measuring devices, and we found some interesting measurements in and out of the stream. The temperature of the soil by the water was 77.1˚F, which seemed like more of a moist area for plants to grow, but the plants there would be able to get a source of water whenever because they grow right next to the stream. The stream water was 75.5˚F, and the plants that grew there seemed to get a sufficient amount of sunlight. The one area that questioned me was the shaded area, which was 82.4˚F. This is also where some of the daisies grew, and there were more daisies throughout similar areas of the stream. The middle of the length from the shaded area to the stream, which was 3 ft 9 in, had a temperature of 83.3˚F, which was not surprising, because it was the area that seemed to be most exposable to the sun. All this data seemed to correspond fine, except for the shaded area, because I thought that the shaded area would be relatively warmer. Why would the shaded area have such a high temperature, if the sun can not penetrate into that area? Journal 2 Pictures

Assigned Journal When I think of environmental pressures that could drive Natural Selection at Manoa Stream, two that come off the top of my head are floods and strong winds. If it flooded at the stream, plants that are young or weak could be pulled out and dragged by a faster moving current created by the flood, which would only leave the large and strong there to keep living and eventually take up the remaining land in order to become larger and sturdier. Strong winds could blow away seeds on the ground, and that plant species would eventually die off and the seeds blown away by the wind would attempt to start a new life in the area which they land, and if that area doesn't provide everything the plant needs to grow, then we would soon see that species of plant die out on the island. On the other hand, the wind could blow larger plants or other objects over or onto another plant, which would see that plant unable to get the amount of sunlight and water that it needs to live, and the other plant would eventually take over the area and continue spreading itself. Weeds could also knock out some of the other plants growing, as we saw some weeds growing at the banks of the stream during each of our visits. There didn't seem to be too many weeds, but if those weeds continue to grow, they could engulf the other plants growing at the banks of the stream and that plant would eventually die. If those plants only grow at the banks of the stream, then the weeds could eventually drive them to extinction. This seems to be quite possible, because when we visited the stream a second time, there were more weeds than the previous week we went to visit the stream. Temperature change could greatly affect any of these plants, as most plant species is only seen growing in areas with similar temperatures. If that temperature were to drastically change, the plants might not be able to adapt to such a different temperature, and they would start to die off. Plants able to survive that kind of change would continue to grow and take up the extra area given from plants not able to survive from temperature change. If none of these plants are able to adapt to temperature change, then they would all disappear from the Manoa Stream if a strong temperature change were to occur. One of the only plants I saw growing in different areas were the daisies, which I could find all around the stream. More Journal 2 Pictures