Manoa+Stream+data

=RICK'S DATA ON MANOA STREAM=

At Manoa stream, I've noticed that there were a lot of California grass and ducks. The ducks were walking in that polluted Manoa Stream water. The ducks add to the pollution, because they do their business and take a shower in there. There's these big trees across the stream and grass on the ground. The stream is very narrow and looked to be almost stagnate. There were small fish that were swimming in the brackish water and the crayfish hiding under the trash. I've noticed that there was a lot of mud. There was basically mud everywhere which made the place a swamp.
 * __Description of Area__**

I could see in the far end of the stream, there was this concrete pillar that was transporting water from one end to the other. With all the trash in the water, I'm sure it is giving the fish a harder time of surviving because instead of eating nutritious food, their eating rubbish. They crayfish will also have the same problem because basically all their swimming in is trash. The water looked warm since it hardly moves. The area that we were in was very windy and kind of cold. There was a lot of sunlight that was beaming down on our backs. The place we were in was all grass, but too the left of us was all this swampy area. It looked very mushy with california grass coming out of it. In that area it was very moist and polluted. The smell of the stream was very stink. the smell of all the trash, ducks, and mud mixed together was not a good mix.
 * __Abiotic Factors__**

But I'm just going to have to bear with it because this place will be a terrific place to study for us. There is many plants and animals in the area that can help us understand the fact of abiotic factors and how the animals go through adaptation. I really believe we will see some adaptation and different reactions from different species through out this semester project. Our understanding of how the ecosystem works will increase because we will be observing how the fishes react with other species in the water and the way the plants and animals help this ecosystem work. The only trouble that we will have in this project is being able to see all the species in the water because the water is murky. But other then that, this area of study will be perfect for the job.
 * __Why we should study this area?__**

4 Niches:
The Birds in at the stream were usually in trees or sometimes in the water. It was sad seeing that two birds were dead on the side of the stream. This showed us that most of the times, the birds can get sick from the water because of all the diseases and bacteria. The birds that were dead were dead for awhile. The birds are in a struggle to survive around the Manoa stream. The water was brown with trash and many different species of plants. This is probably why the birds had a hard time adapting to the location of Manoa Stream. So that is also another reason why we seen more of the birds in the trees then by the trees close to the stream. Well there still was birds in the trees close to the stream, but there was hardly any birds in those trees close to the stream.
 * __Birds:__**

The ducks at Manoa Stream were swimming and washing off. They would always fly away to different areas of the stream, to either swim or look for fish to eat. This is why the ducks would always dip their heads inside the water to get food. The ducks didn't seem to have a problem about the bacterial water and the different areas of the stream. Sometimes the ducks would like to stay in the open untouched habitat of the stream, or they would like to go on the concrete man made area to walk. The ducks would usually like to swim in pairs or groups. This could help them adjust to any danger or help them catch food. The ducks would probably use one part of the stream to do their business so that it just flows down stream without it bothering any other ducks.
 * __Ducks:__**

There were hardly any fish in the Manoa Stream. They were either dead or swimming around looking for food. The water in the Manoa Stream got so polluted that the animal life in there is starting to go down hill. The trash and bacteria a slowly killing the animal life. There is still a good amount of fish though to provide food for the ducks and other animals in the area. Just that over the years, the population of fish went down. The fishes are depending on the roots of plants to survive. So majority of the fish are living underneath the california grass to eat the roots. The fishes still swim around in the open areas to look for other types of foods and to take a swim.
 * __Fish:__**

The Plant life in the area is so populated with many different species. there were non native species and native species in the area. The plants were usually planted near the stream and absorbed a lot of the water. The majority of the plants in the area was the california grass. The california grass was inside of the stream, spreading and providing food for the fish. Along the side of the stream there was trees and some different types of weeds. The plants in the area are in the phase of exponential growth. So they are over populating the stream at this point in time.
 * __Plants:__**

=__**Entry #2**__=

From what I’ve observed the plants grow inside the stream because the flow of the water is so slow that these plants can adapt and plant their seeds into the ground of the stream. As each plant grows, I’ve noticed that there is a newborn plants growing right next to it. This shows that these plants are spreading underground since they can’t be spread from the surface because the seeds would just flow away. So little by little you can see that these plants are spreading and taking up space inside the stream.
 * __Why do the plants grow inside the stream instead of on the edge?__**

__**Why are the plants so green and healthy? Is it from the water and all the nutrients inside of it?**__ The plants inside the stream are so green and healthy because they are getting feed an unlimited amount of water and nutrients. At this point in they are in an exponential growth rate. With all these resources and habitat they are spreading and multiplying like crazy. It’s so easy for the plants inside the stream to reproduce because the resources they have can help them support their whole specie family. The marine and other species dung help give nutrients and food to these plants because since these animals make their business in the water, it flows down and goes through the plants which can help it take in the nutrients that it needs and release the ones that it does not want.

__**Does the fish or other marine life help these plants grow?**__ The marine life help these plants grow with all the nutrients that they provide. It’s almost like a cycle because the fish provide them with nutrients and the plants provide the fish with food. So in this case this is a mutualism type of symbiosis. Both species are working together to survive.

The climate of Manoa does not affect the plants growth because the plants are still going to get water and going to get food. The weather does not have an effect on the plants also because the only thing the weather would do is provide the plants with more water or nutrients. But if there are strong winds, these plants could get damaged. But the nutrients and resources inside the stream are so strong that these plants can repair them selves and become healthy once again. So no, these plants will not be affected by the climate of Manoa. Each plant has the ability to get as much as resources as needed to survive from climates, weathers, and predators.
 * __Does the climate of Manoa affect the plants growth?__**

__**Plants: Predatory animals or species**__ The plants in the stream, which are California Grass, are not being affected by any animals besides the fish. The fish in the stream can be the only predator besides humans. So the plants are going through natural selection to adapt to their new habitat inside the water. They developed a mutualism relationship with the fish. The plants provide the fish with food and the fish provide the plants with nutrients. Humans can destroy the California Grass by cutting them down or pulling them out. Each human has the ability to do that. But someone or some group hasn’t been taking care of the stream and let the plants take over. So now these plants are capable of living inside this stream and have the ability to survive.

__**Fish: Predatory animals or species**__ The fish inside the stream are all the same from what I saw. They all have these tanish brown coats and silvery bottoms. They tanish brown coat helps them blend in with the water which helps them camouflage and avoid predators. The fish are having a hard time surviving because of all the bacteria and trash in the water. They also have ducks eating them to extinction in the stream. These fish aren’t reproducing enough to keep surviving. Their death rate at this point is higher then there birth rate. So these fish are in a struggle for survival. Then later on I saw these algae fish. These fish were black and had suckers as their mouths. They had spots on their backs with a different type of body shape. Instead of being narrow, they were more like flat and spread out. I only seen a few of these fish since the algae in the stream is going down because of the amount of sunlight in Manoa.

__**Ducks: Predatory animals or species**__ There are different types of ducks in the stream. There’s one specie of duck that has a green neck and another specie of duck that has a brown neck. Both ducks seem to be inter breeding because they are interacting with each other and don’t seem to have a problem. These ducks aren’t being affected by any animals but are being affected by humans. The humans are polluting the stream, which gives them a more difficult time of finding food. The ducks tend to stay on the grass areas when they are not in the attempt of finding food. But when they are trying to find food they swim inside the water. They also like to take baths inside the stream by fluffing their wings and dipping their heads.

=__Visit #3__=

__Hypothesis #1:__
As I’ve been going to my site of Manoa stream. I’ve noticed that there is a lot of plant life inside the water. In the open areas of the stream where there is no site of plant life, there is no life of fish. But as you look closer into the plants that are growing in the stream you can see the fishes swimming in-between the roots and stems of plants. At first I thought this was really weird because usually I would see all kinds of fresh water fish swimming inside the stream just crusing. But then I came to the fact that these fishes are swimming in-between the roots and stems because the roots and stems protect them and provide them with food. This is a commensalism symbiosis. So I came to this hypothesis of: “If there are more plants in a certain area of the stream, then there will be more fishes in that specific area.”

Hypothesis #2
In the Manoa Park area there are a lot of ducks that like to go swim inside the water. As i've been going to my visits i could see that these ducks are eating the fish. I can understand this because the fish int he area have be decreasing. The fishes in the area have been getting over populated by the ducks. These ducks are multiplying so fast that the fish can't reproduce at a rate that there will still be a population of fish in that stream. "If there are more ducks in one area of the stream, then there's less fish."

Hypothesis #3
In Manoa stream there is a lot of algae. The more sun there is the more algae. Manoa Stream has a lot of space for algae to grow. And the Algae are producers to other consumers. Such as Fish and Crayfish. some fish will depend on algae because that's the only thing that they can get too. So "if there is more Algae in and area, then there will be more fish and crayfish that depend on algae as a food source."

Food Web


= __4th Visit:__ =

> > >
 * __Ducks:__
 * all they do is eat fish
 * swim
 * take baths
 * dip their heads in the water to look for fish and eat crawfish.
 * __Fishes:__
 * the population has gone down
 * they are feeding on the plants inside the stream
 * the amount of fishes i seen in the stream could have been counted by my hands. Like there were only about 8 fishes that i spotted.
 * __Stream:__
 * it's starting to flow slower
 * has less animals
 * more trash
 * more plants inside the stream
 * __Plants:__
 * The plants in the area have grown to be a little more the Usual.
 * I've noticed that these plants have spread a little bit into different area's of the stream.
 * on one side of the stream there is California grass and the other side is all mixed because that's where humans started to take over that part of the stream. So there was trees, plants, and different kinds of plants.
 * no one has been taking care of the stream.

= __Test Hypothesis: “If there are more plants in a certain area of the stream, then there will be more fishes in that specific area.” __ = = = __**Data:**__
 * Procedure:
 * 1) First go to the site and go by the entrance area to the parking lot where there is a lot of plants growing in the water.
 * 2) Then get my notebook paper to take down notes of the amount of fish in the area of the plants inside the water.
 * 3) I would then get a stick to push inside the plants or move them to the side so that i can see any other possible fish in the area.
 * 4) After doing that, i will go to the other side of the stream to observe the amount of fish in an open area.
 * 5) I will then take notes on the amount of fish in the area.
 * 6) then compare both of my notes to see which area has the most fish.
 * 7) Observe once again for the second time in a different area that has plants in the water to see if there's more fish in that area.
 * 8) Then look in another open spot area to see if there's fish.
 * 9) go to my notes again to compare.
 * 10) Then i will take both notes and compare all my observations to see which area has the most fish.
 * Areas || Fishes area #1 || Fishes area #2 || Average ||
 * Plants || 6 fishes || 4 fishes || 5 fishes ||
 * Open || 2 fishes || 3 fishes || 2 fishes ||

__**Conclusion:**__ ** After doing this project i have concluded that fishes tend to stay by plants inside the stream because the plants have more  ** **  nutrients and produce more food. Each fish that was in the area of the plants was usually trying to eat the plants or was swimming in between the plants ** ** since the plants are like protection and shelter to the fishes. The fishes in the open areas were just swimming and not really eating. I've figured that maybe ** ** their just trying to find more food or just taking a swim. Well i've now learned that the symbiosis in the stream is very high because these fishes are starting to go ** ** extinct in the stream, so they are finding better methods of survival. If i was to do this project again, i would probably test the temperature of the water and the amount of fish ** living in that temperature. Because maybe the plants tend to make the water colder or warmer. so that could be a reason why the fishes are staying next to the plants since the temperature of the water is capable for living. __Diagram:__